廖偉棠: 不只是行為藝術

不只是行為藝術

廖偉棠

二十一年前的六月，在槍聲、呼喊聲、怒斥與悲鳴之外，我常聽見的是國產自行車急促的搖鈴，「鈴！鈴！鈴！讓開！讓 開！」，接著是輪子急速轉動的哐當聲、碰撞與彈跳的聲音。 起初是趕赴廣場的敢死隊，是支援各方的通訊、糾察隊和 後勤，後來就是運送死傷員的血跡斑斑。回憶中閃過的圖片， 最觸目驚心的是長安街上一架被坦克壓得完全看不出樣子 的自行車廢鐵，旁邊是大灘污黑的積血；最讓人難忘的是劉 香成拍的那一張：天橋上有坦克轟隆隆碾過，天橋下一對小 戀人騎在自行車上，一剎那屏住了呼吸，是緊張、是憤怒、 是愛、是我們作為擊牆的雞蛋那全部的勇氣和美麗之所在。

自行車，在我的私人詞典裡，就是六四的一個偉大的關鍵詞， 相對於愚笨、霸道的坦克，自行車象徵了我們的輕盈、自由 和純潔。在六四的十三週年的時候，我寫過一首《六月四日 寄北京》，裡面有這樣的句子：「此刻滿載亡魂的城市穿過 你仍如日常，/月降月升，只在地球的另一方。/熾熱侵蝕 你我也如日常，如黑夜/白夜，當你在噩夢中踏裂/這一片 荊棘廣場，一個騎自行車的人應聲倒地/──十三年前的曙光在 他臉上開了花。」

所以今年藝術單位「活化廳」推出的「六十四件事」展覽加藝 術行動中，最吸引我的就是六月四日當天下午的「來往廣場 的單車」，主辦者號召大家由上海街活化廳出發，騎自行車 至維園參與六四悼念晚會，「想像當年學生往返廣場的景像」。 這是一個集體參加的行為藝術，當天參加的大約有五十 人左右，包括騎著從朋友處借來的老飛利浦單車的我，那一刻這 單車成為了曾經奔馳在長安街的一輛自行車。

看到有人穿著北京大學T恤，還有人穿著和紀錄片裡王丹一模 一樣的夾克衫，才知道主辦方讓參與者自備八九民運學生衣 著服裝。當他們揮手引路，霎那間真有恍如隔世之感。衝在 狹逼的上海街，我相信我的腺上素急升一如當年衝突在木樨 地、長安街和大小胡同裡的年輕人，不同的是我們有警車「開 道」而不是軍車迎面，而圍觀者多是冷漠眼神不是當年熱 情吶喊的老百姓——如果我們的騎行是一場行為藝術，那麼 他們也是行為藝術的參與者。我們的行動代表回溯一個穿插 在歷史的奔放與血腥之中的破折號，打斷了歷史的不可逆性， 並延伸出意義；而警察的規整、合作無形中消解著我們的 壯懷激烈，市民們的關注與漠然，自由行遊客的驚詫或驚喜， 都從各個側面修訂著時間對於一樁鐵釘一樣的事實施加的 作用，是磨蝕、是鞏固、是搖撼、是刷新、是捶撞，但絕對抹不 去鐵釘釘下的痕跡。

從上海街到維多利亞公園，途徑文化中心廣場法國雕刻家凱撒 的傑作「斷翅的自由戰士」和藝術中心門口樹立的中國雕刻 家隋建國的「衣缽」，對他們的解讀也成了我們行為藝術的 一部分：從「斷翅的自由戰士」被改名「翱翔的法國人」的 過程，揭示了香港政府早已有之的虛偽和怯懦；「衣缽」被 司徒華先生詮釋為蘇聯解體後列寧像被砸爛的下場（雕像是 無頭的領袖服）、繼而被想像為“慶祝暴政倒台，建立民主 中國之紀念碑”，名字「衣缽」也被引申為暗喻「薪火相傳」 之意，這雖然是過度詮釋，但也顯示了民間想像中的樂觀 主義。最後，我們經過灣仔和銅鑼灣，觀光電車上的年輕中 國遊客向我們鼓掌，酒吧裡出來的肚滿腸肥的男人衝我們冷 笑，而我們高呼著當年的口號匯入了維多利亞公園十五萬人的洪 流。

香港的行為藝術家，一直都有行動紀念六四，印象最深的是2008 年十九週年的時候，許多中外藝術家把時代廣場變成 了他們藝術的發生地。當時我寫了一首詩《在時代廣場》記 之：「誰也不知道那個黝黑的男子/將要開成一大束玫瑰花，/ 他自己也不知道，他只道自己是刺/紮在沒有廣場的時 代，這一刻。//誰也不知道那個裹在紅膠布裏的男子/將 要破繭，剪破很多人以為忘掉了的傷疤，/他自己也不知道， 他只道自己是鐘/停止在某個時代的廣場，六點四個字。」

詩裡提到那個「裹在紅膠布裏的男子」就是香港行為藝術家丸 仔，他那天裹在頭上那個永遠停止於六點四個字的鐘錶，成 為他後來一系列相關歷史隱喻的主要道具——而且不只戴在 頭上。今年他呼應詩人曹疏影的文章《血跡在玻璃窗的哪一 面》的同名創作令我震撼：他把北京地圖上那些發生鎮壓和 屠殺的地方用香煙燒出焦洞，繼而把自己的腳鉗傷、把血滴 在地圖上——這樣他的足跡就混同了當年的血路，最後這張 地圖被裝在沉默停走的「六點四個字的鐘錶」裡，令人想起 所有時鐘一齊停止的1945年8月的廣島，地圖和北京也終成 負載著悲哀和譴責的廢墟。

當然，今年時代廣場上發生了一場更赤裸裸的行為藝術，把施 行者特區政府釘上了歷史的恥辱柱。就雕塑藝術本身而言， 新民主女神像並不算一件好作品，但是搶奪者的搶與還，使 她成為行為藝術中一件重要的道具，照映出她眼前芸芸眾生 的嘴臉和良心。倒下又豎起、倒下又豎起的女神像，和曾經 奔馳在長安街的那輛自行車、焦糊血腥的時鐘一起提醒我們： 六四是那個有血有肉的六四，不容抽象、不容忘記。如果 六四是一場行為藝術，那該多好，沒有真正的傷亡，只有反 省和激盪。但那不是一場行為藝術，是一次屠殺，他們的死亡令 中國和香港改變，令一切都變成了反諷的行為藝術。


（信報.出離島記專欄，請勿轉載）

來往廣場的單車

來往廣場的單車 Cycling to the square

Lee Chun-Fung in collaboration with Chung Wai-Ian
Information by Jaspar Lau
Video by Anlou Lou
2010

八九年北京，追求民主的學生騎著自利車往返天安門廣場互通消息，同期，北京的新聞工作者也曾過發起單車遊行爭取新聞自由。六月四日午夜，坦克和裝甲車駛進城裡，輾過了人民，也輾過一架架自行車。
今天，六四仍未得到平反，而作為中國本土上唯一能公開悼念六四的香港，又已否淡忘一些曾經懇切追求的價值？我們期望在是年的六月四日，在這城市重現二十 一年前自行車來往廣場的畫面，想象當年學生往返廣場的心情。我們從油麻地出發，途經數個與六四相關的地方，及至維多利亞公園參與當晚的六四燭光晚會。

...趁青春，結隊行
闖過這冷漠城市灰濛的街道。

In 1989, students taking part in the Beijing Tian’anmen Democratic Movement weaved in and out the Tian’anmen Square with their bicycles to communicate with each other. In the same year, journalists working in Beijing hosted a bicycle petition to fight for freedom of the press. At the midnight on June 4th, tanks drove into the city and ran over civilians as well as bicycles.

The June 4th Movement is not yet vindicated. Hong Kong is the only place in the territory where people can publicly commemorate the event. However, are Hong Kong people losing their momentum for the pursuit of the values they strived for faithfully in the past? We would like to restore the same scene in Hong Kong on June 4th this year, and imagine we were the students who weaved in and out the square. On the day, we will start from Yau Ma Tei and will visit a few checkpoints related to the local history of the Incident. Our final destination will be the June 4th candlelight vigil at the Victoria Park.

Walk in groups, when we’re still young

Venturing the gloomy streets of this apathetic city

日 期 : 2010年6月4日

時 間 : 傍晚5時

集合地點 : 九龍上海街活化廳

參加者請穿著八九民運學生服裝

Date: 4th June, 2010

Time: 5:00 pm

Venue: Wooferten, Shanghai Street, Kowloon

Dress code: reminiscent of those of the students in the 89’Movement

路線 :

由油麻地經尖沙咀文化中心向「自由戰士」雕塑獻花，然後乘船渡海，再從灣仔往維園 (當晚香港支聯會六四悼念集會場地) 為終點

Route:

We started our voyage from Yau Ma Tei. Then we presented flowers to the sculpture of “The Fighter of Liberty”. Then we cross the harbour and reached Wan Chai. Finally, we arrived at the Victoria Park, the venue for the Hong Kong candlelight vigil commemorating June 4th.

油麻地 碧街

六.七暴動

於八九年六月七日凌晨一時多，有示威車隊駛經油麻地街，開始出現擾攘，隨後範圍一路擴散，有人擲物、焚燒雜物、破壞街邊物件，警方於是大舉出動，發射了四十九枚催淚彈，拘捕了十五名「暴徒」。凌晨至早上的騷動，導致支聯會叫停了當天原來已安排的一些公開集體悼念活動。滋事份子的身份及動機，一直是個謎。

Yau Ma Tei

7th June Riot in 1989

At around 1am on 7th June 1989, a parade of cars demonstrated along Yau Ma Tei Street. A disturbance was elicited. The chaos spread quickly, with people throwing stuffs at each other, setting fire to paraphernalia and destroying public properties. The police react vigorously and struck the crowd with 49 tear bombs to disperse the people. 15 “rioters” were arrested. The overnight chaos prompted the Hong Kong Alliance to cancel the public commemoration activities planned for the day. The identities and the motives of the rioters were left as a mystery.

尖沙咀文化中心廣場

自由戰士

這雕塑是由法國著名藝術家凱撤 ( Cesar ) 贈予香港市政局，一直於尖沙咀文化中心外擺放。據悉，雕像是為六四而作，原名<自由戰士>，市政局為淡化其政治意味而易名為<翱翔的法國人>，凱撤因而拒絕來港出席揭幕禮。多年來，一些香港藝術家都呼籲市民於六月四日，自行到此雕塑下獻花悼念六四死難者 。

The Cultural Centre Plaza, Tsim Sha Tsui

‘The Fighter of Liberty’

The sculpture is a work made for Hong Kong by the renowned French artist Cesar. It was a gift to the Hong Kong Urban Council and was erected at the plaza outside the Cultural Centre. It was claimed that the sculpture, originally entitled ‘The Fighter of Liberty’ was done in commemoration of the June 4th Incident. The Urban Council renamed it as “The Soaring French” in order to drain its political connotations. Consequently, the artist Cesar refused to attend the opening ceremony. Over the past years, some Hong Kong artists have been calling on people to present flower bouquets at the sculpture on June 4th annually to commemorate the martyrs.

灣仔　藝術中心

中國當代藝術家

隋建國雕塑作品

衣鉢

司徒華曾詮釋這個穿中山裝去了頭的半身雕塑是蘇聯解體後列寧和斯大林像被砸爛的下場。因此，此雕塑可被理解為慶祝暴政倒台，建立民主中國之紀念碑。

Art Centre, Wan Chai

“Mantle” by Sui Jian Guo, a Contemporary Chinese artist.

Szeto Wah (a leader of the democratic movement in HK) has interpreted this sculpture, a decapitated half-length sculpture in traditional Chinese costume, as a resemblance of the statues of Lenin and Stalin destroyed after the breakdown of the Soviet Union. “Mantle” could be regarded as a celebration to the fall of a tyranny or as a monument marking the establishment of a democratic China.

維園

六四悼念　集會

歷來香港社會運動的一個重要集會場地。

Victoria Park

June 4th commemoration candlelight vigil

A crucial site for local social movements and assemblies over the past years



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Up: Student in Tian'anmen Square, Beijing,1989

Down: Participant in Shanghai Street, HK, 2010

Left: Image of the strike for freedom of Press by the Journalists in Beijing, in 1989

Right: News report of Apple daily, 5^th June 2010

Installation view of the documentary of th project in Busan,Korea

Installation view of the the project in the display window of wooferten

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review:

來往廣場的單車——事件與藝術
http://www.inmediahk.net/node/1007282

曾經奔馳的自行車

http://chanmelody.blogspot.com/2010/06/blog-post_09.html

http://liao-wei-tang.blogcn.com/diary,33193212.shtml

feedback:

http://cheunz.blogbus.com/logs/65057857.html

more photos:

http://www.flickr.com/photos/inmediahk/sets/72157624207497584/with/4671505338/

Vote will make a difference ︳2010

Vote will make a difference ︳2010

Printed work on newspaper

There is no law for referendum in Hong Kong up till now. In early 2010, five lawmakers resigned from their positions in the legislative council in order to start the “Five-District By-election, De-facto Referendum” campaign. This was the first manifestation of the will for universal suffrage in the form of a referendum campaign since the colonial period. And this provided a trigger point for the public to appraise the relationship between democracy and civic participation. Vote will make a difference.

“Mr. De(mocracy) is Absent” ︳2010

“Mr. De(mocracy) is Absent”

In collaboration with Ocean Leung Yu Tung

Photography by Lee Soen Long, Li Sum Yi

Photography

2010

“Searching for Mr. De(mocracy)” was an old watchword in China during the May 4^th Movement in 1919. “Mr. Democracy” became a popular metaphor of a better society and country. In the protest rally against the construction of the Express Rail Link in Hong Kong,, I dressed as a La Jeunesse arose during the May 4^th Movement. Then, I spread a banner read “Mr. Democracy is Absent” over my arms and invited people or activists to take photos with me. These photos were shown in a crossover exhibition comparing the post 80’s generation living in Hong Kong and Guangzhou.

The day of the erection of the Goddess of Democracy Statue

The day of the erection of the Goddess of Democracy Statue

In collaboration with Ocean Leung and Roland Ip

Art action of《P-at-riot : June 4th Cultural Festival of post-80s generation》

2009

Concept:

20 years ago, the statue of democracy was erected in the Tian’enmen Square. It represents the new understanding and pursuit of democracy of Chinese citizens.

20 years after that, Hong Kong is the only place in the territory where people can openly discuss and commemorate June 4^th Incident. In 1997, the Chinese government gave Hong Kong the ‘Forever Blooming Bauhinia’ Sculpture as a handover gift. The Golden Bauhinia Square has become a popular spot for tourists from Mainland China. In addition, the Chinese government has adopted the Individual Visit Scheme to boost the tourism in Hong Kong, Hong Kong is the beneficiary, economically speaking, of this sweetener from the Chinese government. The Golden Bauhinia Square symbolizes the difference between Hong Kong and China, as well as the linkage of the two places.

To commemorate the same day 20 years ago, on which the Statue of the Goddess of Liberty was erected, I formed a group with some other artists. We made the 29^th May the Day of the Erection of the Statue. We went to the Golden Bauhinia Square and told the Chinese tourists the story of the June 4^th Massacre and the Goddess of Liberty, as they know little about them under the media censorship in China. I dressed as a Pandaman in the style of the Goddess of Liberty. I danced with the tourists and posed for their cameras. 

Land reclaimed with rainbow︳2006

 

Land reclaimed with rainbow︳2006

I thought of an alternative way of reclaiming the harbour - with rainbow rather than soil. As time goes by, the rainbow (colorful clay) faded out because of the accumulation of dusts brought by passerby’s footsteps. This faded rainbow and the Star Ferry Pier Clock Tower were sent to the landfill together.

Reflection︳Performance ︳2006

Reflection︳Performance ︳2006

I wear a shiny black star made by wood, standing under the clock tower, to invite people to see the reflection of the clock tower.